Repair Blurred Photo

Bringing the blur back into focus...
还原模糊为清晰
Isn't it annoying when you take a set of photos, and many of them come back blurred? It's one of the most common problems photographers have, but one of the hardest to correct after the photograph has been taken!
当你拍摄了很多照片而其中的很多却是模糊的，这不是很让你苦恼么？这对摄影师来说是一个最普遍的问题，但是最困难的是怎样修复这些拍摄模糊的照片。
This tutorial will show you how to repair photo blur, and how to avoid it in the future.
这篇教程将向你展示如何修复模糊照片以及在将来如何避免拍出这样的照片。

The Basic Principle
基本原则
If you've used Photoshop or Photoshop Elements for a while now, you may have noticed two terms that walk hand in hand. 'Blurring' and 'Sharpening'.
如果你现在使用的是Photoshop 或 Photoshop Elements，你会注意到两个项目在一起——“模糊”和“锐化”。
Basically, sharpening an image is the opposite of blurring it. Photoshop Elements provides many different ways to sharpen an image.
一般说来，锐化图像是和模糊图像相反的过程。Photoshop Elements 提供了很多不同的方法来锐化一张图片。
To start with there's the 'Sharpen Tool', found near the bottom of your tool palette. This allows you to sharpen just a certain area of a picture, using an appropriate brush shape and size.
你可以在在工具栏底部找到“锐化工具”，它可以让你使用适当的笔刷形状和大小在一定范围内锐化一张图像。
If you're sharpening the whole image, you can use the filters in the 'Sharpen' category under the 'Filter' menu. These include 'Sharpen', 'Sharpen More', and 'Sharpen Edges'.
如果你要锐化整张图像，你可以使用滤镜菜单中的滤镜库中的滤镜，它们包括“锐化”、“进一步锐化”和“锐化边缘”。
Additionally to all of that, if you like to correct photos in 'Quick Fix' mode, there is a sharpen slider available in that section for you to use.
另外，如果你想在快速修复模式中修复图像，只有锐化滑块供你使用。

A 'Quick' Example
快速修复的例子Shown further down is a portion of a photograph I took which exhibited minor blur. This is a correctable level of blur, and so I opened the photo in Photoshop Elements, and switched into 'Quick Fix' mode, using the button shown below:
下面展示的是我拍的有轻微模糊的部分照片（此句翻译不准确，不知道如何翻），这在模糊的修复的范围内，所以我在Photoshop Elements中打开照片，然后切换至快速修复模式，使用如下图所示的按钮：

I always like to see the before and after picture in quick fix mode, and so I changed my view accordingly.
通常，我会观察在快速模式中处理前和处理后图片，因此我适时改变我的看法。
To do this, use the drop down box in the bottom left hand corner, and select 'Before and After (Portrait)', as shown below:
要做到这一点，使用左手边的下拉菜单，选择Before and After (Portrait)，如下图所示：

The 'Sharpen' slider is the furthest one down on the right hand side by default. By dragging it around two thirds of the way along, I was able to reduce the blurring effect on my photo. Shown below is the photo before and after sharpening:
锐化滑块在默认的情况下在最右边，通过拖动滑块至2/3处，通常我就能够减少模糊对我照片的影响，下图就是锐化处理前和处理后：

As you can see, especially around the text on the sign, the blur has been reduced by sharpening the image.
正如你所见，尤其在标志上的文字部分，图像的模糊被锐化了。

Over-Sharpening
过度锐化
Unfortunately, sharpening is a rather in-exact art, and carries a danger with it. Because of the way it works, it is all-too-easy to 'over-sharpen' an image, causing very unattractive results.
不幸的是，锐化是一个相对不确切的艺术，同时它也带来一定的危险，因为它的工作方式，很容易对图像过度锐化，导致相当不好的效果。This is especially common when using the sharpen tool on a high strength setting. Below is shown an image which demonstrates the effect of over-sharpening:
这在使用高强度设置锐化工具时尤为常见，下图显示了过度锐化的效果：

To avoid over-sharpening, use the sharpen tools on low intensities, and only where they are needed.
为了避免过度锐化，使用锐化工具时设置低强度，而且要只在需要地方使用。
Severe Blurring
剧烈的模糊In cases where images are extremely blurred, it is often impossible to repair them effectively.
如果照片剧烈模糊，那么通常不会有有效的方式修复。
Below is shown an image, with some close-up sections, which is blurred to the point of no return:
下图显示，在相近的区域，模糊并没有减轻。

There is very little you can do to correct images like this, but there is a lot you can do to avoid them!
对这样的照片你几乎不能修复他们，但是你可以避免拍出这样的照片。
Camera Shake
相机抖动
The photo above was taken from a moving vehicle. To avoid blurring, photos should always be taken when the camera is stationary.
上面的照片是在行驶的车上拍摄的。为避免模糊，在拍摄时应保持相机静止。
If you find (like me!) that your hands shake when you are taking photos, find something to rest the camera on. Ideally this would be a tripod, but if there is not one available, look for walls or other surfaces.
当你发现拍照是你的手在抖动找一些能固定相机的东西，理想的应该是三脚架，但是没有三脚架可用时，寻找墙壁或其他表面。If no surface is available, try leaning up again something, or putting your elbows by your side, to steady your arms and reduce camera-shake.
如果没有合适的表面，可以试着斜靠到什么东西上，或者将你的胳膊肘靠在你的身体上，还或者稳定你的手臂以减少相机抖动。Shutter Speed
快门速度
Another way to reduce blurring is to increase the shutter speed of your camera. If your camera allows you to manually set the shutter speed, it is useful to remember that on high shutter speeds, blurring is usually dramatically reduced.
另一个避免模糊的方法是提高你相机快门的速度，如果你的相机支持手动设置快门速度，记住提高快门速度可以极大的减少模糊。
Unfortunately the reverse is also true. Using slow shutter speeds, perhaps to compensate for bad light, blur is dramatically increased. Ensure that the camera is perfectly still on low shutter speeds.
不幸的是相反的也是真的（此句翻译不准确，不知道如何翻），使用慢快门速度，或许能够弥补光线不足，但是模糊随之剧烈增大，保证相机是完美的仍是低快门速度。
Bad Light
光线不足
Apart from shutter speed, photos are usually more prone to blurring in bad light anyway. If you are taking photos inside, ensure you use a flash if light is fading. When outside, the best tactic is once again a perfectly still camera.
除了快门速度照片模糊有时也是因为光线不足导致的，如果你在室内拍摄，如果光线不足确保打开闪光灯，在室外时，最好的策略仍取决于相机（此句翻译不准确，不知道如何翻）。

If in Doubt...
迷惑中……
If you are struggling to take a particular image, the only other advice I can offer is to take lots of pictures! On a digital camera there can be a reasonably large variation between repeat shots. The more pictures you take, the more chance you stand of getting at least one good one!
如果你努力想拍出特别的相片，我给你的唯一的建议就是多拍！在数码相机上你可以重复的拍摄，你拍的越多，你得到最好的照片的几率越大！
Other Photo Repair Techniques
其他照片修复技术If you are interested in learning about how to repair other forms of photographic damage, such as faded color or rips and blemishes, why not read my main tutorial on Restoring Photos.
如果你对如何修复其他照片损伤感兴趣，像偏色，裂痕和污点，为何不看看我的在Restoring Photos上的教程呢。

Kind Regards